John Money
John William Money (8 July 1921 – 7 July 2006) was a New Zealand American psychologist, sexologist and professor at Johns Hopkins University known for his research on human sexual behavior and gender.
Working with endocrinologist Claude Migeon, Money established the Johns Hopkins Gender Identity Clinic, the first clinic in the United States to perform sexual reassignment surgeries.[1] Money advanced the use of more accurate terminology in sex research, coining the terms gender role and sexual orientation.[2][3] Despite widespread popular belief, Money did not coin 'gender identity'.[4] Money pioneered drug treatment for sex offenders in order to extinguish their sex drives.[5] He began testing anti-androgen medications on offenders as early as 1966, which yielded successful results.[6]
Starting in the 1990s, the work and research conducted by Money has been subjected to significant academic and public scrutiny. A 1997 academic study criticised Money's work in many respects, particularly in regard to the involuntary sex-reassignment of the child David Reimer, and Money's sexual abuse of Reimer and his brother when they were children.[7][8] Some of Money's sessions involved Money forcing the two children to perform sexual activities with each other, which Money then photographed.[9][10] David Reimer lived a troubled life, eventually committing suicide at 38; his brother died of an overdose at age 36.[11][12]
Money's writing has been translated into many languages and includes around 2,000 articles, books, chapters and reviews. He received around 65 honours, awards and degrees in his lifetime.[2]
