Key Points:
Matter: The physical "stuff" or potentiality of an object (e.g., wood for a table).
Form: The actualizing principle that makes an object what it is (e.g., the shape and function of a table). For living things, the form is the soul (psyche), which organizes and animates the body.
Unity: Matter and form are not distinct substances but two aspects of a single substance. A living being, like a human, is a unified whole, not a soul trapped in a body.
Soul and Body: In humans, the soul (form) is the principle of life, movement, and thought, inseparable from the body (matter). The soul isn't a separate entity that survives death in Aristotle's view, unlike Plato’s dualism.
Causality: Form relates to Aristotle's four causes, especially the formal cause (what a thing is) and final cause (its purpose or function).
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