Pope Urban II
Pope Urban II (Latin: Urbanus II; c. 1035 – 29 July 1099), otherwise known as Odo of Châtillon or Otho de Lagery,[2][A] was the head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 12 March 1088 to his death. He is best known for initiating the Crusades.[3][4]
Church
Catholic Church
Papacy began
12 March 1088
Papacy ended
29 July 1099
Predecessor
Victor III
Successor
Paschal II
Orders
Ordination
c. 1068
Consecration
20 July 1085
Created cardinal
1073
by Gregory VII
Personal details
Born
Odo
c. 1035[1]
Lagery, County of Champagne, Kingdom of France
Died
29 July 1099 (aged 63–64)
Rome, Papal States, Holy Roman Empire
Previous post(s)
Cardinal-Bishop of Ostia (1078–88)
Cardinal-Bishop of Velletri (1080–88)
Legate in Germany (1084–85)
Sainthood
Feast day
29 July
Venerated in
Catholic Church
Beatified
14 July 1881
Rome
by Pope Leo XII
Attributes
Papal vestments
Papal tiara
Pope Urban was a native of France, and was a descendant of a noble family from the French commune of Châtillon-sur-Marne.[5][6] Reims was the nearby cathedral school where he began his studies in 1050.[7]
Before his papacy, Urban was the grand prior of Cluny and bishop of Ostia.[8] As pope, he dealt with Antipope Clement III, infighting of various Christian nations, and the Muslim incursions into Europe. In 1095 he started preaching the First Crusade (1096–99). He promised forgiveness and pardon for all of the past sins of those who would fight to reclaim the holy land from Muslims and free the eastern churches.[9] This pardon would also apply to those that would fight the Muslims in Spain. While the First Crusade resulted in the liberation of Jerusalem from the Fatimids, Pope Urban II died before he could receive this news.
He also set up the modern-day Roman Curia in the manner of a royal ecclesiastical court to help run the Church.[10]
He was beatified by Pope Leo XIII on 14 July 1881.
Staff
Other popes named Urban
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